Sh*t Platypus Says · Ep 26: On 1776 and reading the Renegade Kautksy
On this episode, Pamela and Sophia discuss the destruction of statues depicting American Revolutionary figures. Our members James Vaughn and Spencer Leonard join us to discuss the legacy of the American Revolution and the repercussions of the 1619 project. And Sophia catches up with Rory Hannigan and Clint Montgomery in light of our Summer Reading group on Kautsky’s Marxism. We reflect on Karl Kautsky as a leading figure in Second International Marxism and how it might be important to consider Kautsky today.
If you want to learn more about Platypus, and get involved, read the Platypus review or join the American Revolution lectures online, visit us on Facebook under the Platypus Affiliated Society or visit www.platypus1917.org.
If you like the podcast, share it, rate it, and write us a review!
(1) Trump’s address to the Young Conservatives of America: www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jf8R3LTAarI
(2) American Revolution Lecture Series:
platypus1917.org/2020/06/06/the-l…-lecture-series/
(3) Summer Reading Group on Kautsky’s Marxism: platypus1917.org/virtual/
Hosted by Pamela C., Sophia, with editing assistance by Michael W.
Sunday 21st June - Sunday 23rd August
Time: 16:00 - 18:30 (BST)
Reading group sessions will take place on ZOOM (link: https://lse.zoom.us/j/97132319483)
• required / + recommended reading
Week 1. Art and politics after postmodernism | June 21, 2020
“[Artists'] work is to sustain the critical moment of aesthetic experience. [Critics' work] is to recognize it.”
-- Susan Buck-Morss, response to Visual culture questionnaire (1996)
• Susan Buck-Morss, response to Visual culture questionnaire (1996)
• Robert Pippin, "On Critical Theory" (2004)
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) / immanent dialectical critique chart of terms [PNG]
• Chris Cutrone, "The relevance of Critical Theory to art today" (2011)
• Cutrone, "An incomplete project? Art and politics after postmodernism" (2010)
Week 2. The meaning of art | June 28, 2020
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) / immanent dialectical critique chart of terms [PNG]
+ Kant's 3 Critiques [PNG] and philosophy [PNG] charts of terms
• Immanuel Kant, Preface and Introduction, Critique of Judgment (1790) [full book PDF]
Week 3. Art and humanity | July 5, 2020
+ Schiller on aesthetic education (and Nietzsche on art) chart of terms [PNG]
• Friedrich Schiller, Letters on the Aesthetic Education of Man (1794)
Week 4. Modern aesthetics of art | July 12, 2020
• G.W.F. Hegel, Introductory Lectures on Aesthetics (Introduction): [PDF]
1 Prefatory Remarks
2 Limitation and Defence of Aesthetics
3 Refutation of Objections
4 Scientific Ways of Treating Beauty and Art
5 Concept of the Beauty of Art
6 Common Ideas of Art
(i) The Work of Art as a Product of Human Activity
(ii) The Work of Art, as being for Apprehension by Man’s Senses, is drawn from the Sensuous Sphere
(iii) The Aim of Art
Week 5. Modernity and modernism | July 19, 2020
• Heinrich Heine, excerpts from Salon of 1831 (1831)
• Heine, excerpts from Salon of 1843(1843)
+ Baudelaire on the modern / modernity / modernism chart of terms [PNG]
• Charles Baudelaire, excerpts from Paris Spleen (1867)
• Baudelaire, excerpts from Salon of 1846 (1846)
• Baudelaire, excerpts from The Painter of Modern Life (1863)
Week 6. Art as justification for life? | July 26, 2020
• Friedrich Nietzsche, The Birth of Tragedy (1872, including 1886 "Attempt at self-criticism")
+ Schiller on aesthetic education (and Nietzsche on art) chart of terms [PNG]
Week 7. Art and revolution | August 2, 2020
“[A] protest against reality, either conscious or unconscious, active or passive, optimistic or pessimistic, always forms part of a really creative piece of work. Every new tendency in art has begun with rebellion.”
— Trotsky, “Art and politics in our epoch” (1938)
• Walter Benjamin, "On the mimetic faculty" (1934)
• Cutrone, "Trotsky, Benjamin, Adorno and Greenberg's critique of 'revolutionary art' " (2020) [PDF]
• Leon Trotsky, "Art and politics in our epoch" (1938)
• Clement Greenberg, "Avant-garde and kitsch" (1939)
Week 8. Revolutionary art? | August 9, 2020
• Walter Benjamin, "Experience and poverty" (1934)
• Benjamin, "The author as producer" (1934)
• Jürgen Habermas, "Modernity: an incomplete project" (1981)
Week 9. Art and capitalism | August 16, 2020
• Benjamin, "The work of art in the age of mechanical reproduction" (1936)
• Theodor Adorno, letter to Benjamin (1936)
+ Siegfried Kracauer, "Photography" (1927)
+ Benjamin, "Little history of photography" (1931)
Week 10. Art's necessity and impossibility | August 23, 2020
• Adorno, "Those Twenties" (1962)
• Adorno, "Art's self-evidence lost" and "Society", Aesthetic Theory (1970)
• Stewart Martin, “Critique of relational aesthetics” (2007)
• Stewart Martin, “The absolute artwork meets the absolute commodity” (2007)
Platypus Frankfurt lädt zum Ferienlesekreis über "Kunst und Politik".
Ort: Zoom, Link: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/89725048788
Zeit: Immer Dienstags 18–21 Uhr
Erster Termin: 23.06.2020
Die Texte werden zu Hause gelesen und beim Lesekreis besprochen. Kein Vorwissen ist nötig. Neue Gesichter sind immer gern gesehen.
● vorausgesetzte Texte / + zusätzlich empfohlene Texte
Vorausgesetzte LektĂĽre:
• Chris Cutrone et al., “The relevance of Critical Theory to art today” (2011)
Woche 1. Nach der Postmoderne: Kunst und Politik? | 23. Juni 2020
• Susan Buck-Morss, Susan Buck-Morss, Response to Visual culture questionnaire (1996)
• Robert Pippin, "On Critical Theory" (2004)
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) / immanent dialectical critique chart of terms
• Chris Cutrone, "The relevance of Critical Theory to art today" (2011)
• Chris Cutrone, "An incomplete project? Art and politics after postmodernism" (2010)
Woche 2. Die Bedeutung von Kunst | 30. Juni 2020
• Immanuel Kant, Vorwort und Einleitung zur Kritik der Urteilskraft (1790)
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) / immanent dialectical critique chart of terms
+ Kant's 3 Critiques
and philosophy
Woche 3. Die Kunst und die Menschheit | 7. Juli 2020
• Friedrich Schiller, Briefe über die ästhetische Erziehung des Menschen (1794)
+ Schiller on aesthetic education (and Nietzsche on art) chart of terms
Woche 4. Moderne Ă„sthetik der Kunst | 14. Juli 2020
• G.W.F. Hegel, Vorlesungen über die Ästhetik, Erster Abschnitt:
"Einleitung" bis (inklusive) "3. Zweck der Kunst" (1835)
Woche 5. Moderne und Modernismus | 21. Juli 2020
• Heinrich Heine, Auszüge aus Der Salon 1 (1831)
• Heinrich Heine, Auszüge aus Der Salon 2 (1843)
+ Baudelaire on the modern / modernity / modernism chart of terms
• Charles Baudelaire, Auszüge aus Pariser Spleen (1867)
• Charles Baudelaire, Auszüge aus Salon 1846 (1846)
• Charles Baudelaire, Auszuüge aus die Blumen des Bösen (1857)
• Charles Baudelaire, Auszüge aus Der Maler des modernen Lebens (1863)
Woche 5.2 Die Kunst und die Revolution [I] | 21. Juli 2020
• Richard Wagner, "Die Kunst und die Revolution" (1849)
Woche 6. Kunst als Rechtfertigung des Lebens? | 28. Juli 2020
• Friedrich Nietzsche, "Die Geburt der Tragödie aus dem Geiste der Musik" (1872, inklusive des "Versuch einer Selbstkritik“ von 1886)
+ Schiller on aesthetic education (and Nietzsche on art) chart of terms
Woche 7. Kunst und Revolution [II] | 11. August 2020
• Walter Benjamin, "Über das mimetische Vermögen" (1934)
• Chris Cutrone, "Trotsky, Benjamin, Adorno and Greenberg's critique of 'revolutionary art' " (2020)
• Leon Trotzki, "Kunst und Revolution. Leserbrief an den New Yorker Partisan Review“ (1939)
• Clement Greenberg, "Avant-garde and kitsch" (1939)
Woche 8. Revolutionäre Kunst? | 18. August 2020
• Walter Benjamin, "Erfahrung und Armut" (1934)
• Walter Benjamin, "Der Autor als Produzent" (1934)
• Jürgen Habermas, "Die Moderne – ein unvollendest Projekt" (1981)
Woche 9. Kunst und Kapitalismus | 25. August 2020
• Walter Benjamin, "Das Kunstwerk im Zeitalter seiner technischen Reproduzierbarkeit" (1936)
• Theodor W. Adorno „an Walter Benjamin“, Brief vom 18. März 1936
• Siegfried Kracauer, „Die Photographie“ (1927)
• Walter Benjamin, „Kleine Geschichte der Photographie" (1931)
Woche 10. Die Notwendigkeit und Unmöglichkeit der Kunst | 01. September 2020
• Theodor W. Adorno, "Jene zwanziger Jahre" (1962)
• Theodor Adorno, Ästhetische Theorie (1970): „Selbstverständlichkeit von Kunst verloren“ (S. 9–11) und „Gesellschaft“ (S. 334–389)
• Stewart Martin, “Critique of relational aesthetics” (2007)
• Stewart Martin, “The absolute artwork meets the absolute commodity” (2007)
Alle pdf-Texte (ohne online-Quellen) in Reihenfolge
Every Sunday
5:00pm to 7:00pm
Online via Zoom
Find us on Facebook! facebook.com/groups/PAS.GMU/
Find us on Twitter! @Platypus_GMU
Find us on Mason360! mason360.gmu.edu/pas/home/
Contact us with platypus.metrodc@gmail.com
I. What is the Left? – What is Marxism?
• required / + recommended reading
Find a copy of the Marx and Engels readings from Robert C. Tucker, ed., Marx-Engels Reader (Norton 2nd ed., 1978)
Week A. Introduction: Capital in History | Aug. 2, 2020
Whoever dares undertake to establish a people’s institutions must feel himself capable of changing, as it were, human nature, of transforming each individual, who by himself is a complete and solitary whole, into a part of a larger whole, from which, in a sense, the individual receives his life and his being, of substituting a limited and mental existence for the physical and independent existence. He has to take from man his own powers, and give him in exchange alien powers which he cannot employ without the help of other men.
-- Jean-Jacques Rousseau, On the Social Contract (1762)
• Max Horkheimer, "The Little Man and the Philosophy of Freedom" (1926–31)
• four epigraphs on modern history and freedom by James Miller (on Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2000), Louis Menand (on Marx and Engels, 2003), Karl Marx (on "becoming", from the Grundrisse, 1857–58), and Peter Preuss (on Nietzsche, 1980)
• Chris Cutrone, "Capital in History" (2008)
• Cutrone, "The Marxist Hypothesis" (2010)
• Cutrone, “Class Consciousness (from a Marxist Persective) Today”
+ Rainer Maria Rilke, "Archaic Torso of Apollo" (1908)
+ Robert Pippin, "On Critical Theory" (2004)
+ G.M. Tamas, "Telling the Truth about Class" [HTML] (2007)
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) chart of terms
+ Capital in history timeline and chart of terms
+ Capitalist contradiction chart of terms
Week B. 1960s New Left I. Neo-Marxism | Aug. 9, 2020
• Martin Nicolaus, “The Unknown Marx” (1968)
• Moishe Postone, “Necessity, Labor, and Time” (1978)
• Theodor Adorno, “Late Capitalism or Industrial Society?” (a.k.a. “Is Marx Obsolete?”) (1968)
+ Commodity form chart of terms
+ Capitalist contradiction chart of terms
+ Organic composition of capital chart of terms
+ Postone, “Interview: Marx after Marxism” (2008)
+ Postone, “History and Helplessness: Mass Mobilization and Contemporary Forms of Anticapitalism” (2006)
+ Postone, “Theorizing the Contemporary World: Brenner, Arrighi, Harvey” (2006)
Week C. 1960s New Left II: Gender and Sexuality | Aug. 16, 2020
The situation of women is different from that of any other social group. This is because they are not one of a number of isolable units, but half a totality: the human species. Women are essential and irreplaceable; they cannot therefore be exploited in the same way as other social groups can. They are fundamental to the human condition, yet in their economic, social and political roles, they are marginal. It is precisely this combination — fundamental and marginal at one and the same time — that has been fatal to them. — Juliet Mitchell, "Women: The longest revolution" (1966)
• Juliet Mitchell, “Women: The Longest Revolution” (1966)
• Clara Zetkin and Vladimir Lenin, “An interview on the woman question” (1920)
• Theodor Adorno, “Sexual taboos and the law today” (1963)
• John D’Emilio, “Capitalism and gay identity” (1983)
+ Capitalist contradiction chart of terms
Week D. 1960s New Left III. Anti-black Racism in the U.S. | Aug. 23, 2020
As a social party we receive the Negro and all other races upon absolutely equal terms. We are the party of the working class, the whole working class, and we will not suffer ourselves to be divided by any specious appeal to race prejudice; and if we should be coaxed or driven from the straight road we will be lost in the wilderness and ought to perish there, for we shall no longer be a Socialist party. — Eugene Debs, "The Negro in the Class Struggle" (1903)
• Richard Fraser, “Two Lectures on the Black Question in America and Revolutionary Integrationism” (1953)
• James Robertson and Shirley Stoute, “For Black Trotskyism” (1963)
• Adolph Reed, “Black Particularity Reconsidered” (1979)
+ Eugene Debs, "The Negro in the Class Struggle" (1903)
+ Debs, "The Negro and His Nemesis" (1904)
+ Spartacist League, “Black and Red: Class Struggle Road to Negro Freedom” (1966)
+ Bayard Rustin, “The Failure of Black Separatism” (1970)
+ Reed, “Paths to Critical Theory” (1984)
+ Capitalist contradiction chart of terms
Week E. Frankfurt School precursors | Aug. 30, 2020
• Wilhelm Reich, “Ideology as Material Power” (1933/46)
• Siegfried Kracauer, “The Mass Ornament” (1927)
+ Kracauer, “Photography” (1927)
+ Capitalist contradiction chart of terms
six weeks on radical bourgeois thought...
"The genius of Marx consists precisely in his having furnished answers to questions already raised by the foremost minds of mankind. His teachings emerged as the direct and immediate continuation of the teachings of the greatest representatives of philosophy, political economy, and socialism...[Marxism] is the legitimate successor to the best that man produced [in] German philosophy, English political economy, and French socialism." --- Vladimir Lenin, "Three Sources and Three Component Parts of Marxism" (1913)
Week F. radical bourgeois philosophy I. Rousseau: Crossroads of Society | Sep. 6, 2020
"To be radical is to go to the root of the matter. For man, however, the root is man himself."
— Marx, Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right (1843)
"Whoever dares undertake to establish a people’s institutions must feel himself capable of changing, as it were, human nature, of transforming each individual, who by himself is a complete and solitary whole, into a part of a larger whole, from which, in a sense, the individual receives his life and his being, of substituting a limited and mental existence for the physical and independent existence. He has to take from man his own powers, and give him in exchange alien powers which he cannot employ without the help of other men."
— Jean-Jacques Rousseau, On the Social Contract (1762)
• Max Horkheimer, "The Little Man and the Philosophy of Freedom" (1926–31)
• four epigraphs on modern history and freedom by James Miller (on Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2000), Louis Menand (on Marx and Engels, 2003), Karl Marx (on "becoming", from the Grundrisse, 1857–58), and Peter Preuss (on Nietzsche, 1980)
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Discourse on the Origin of Inequality (1754) PDFs of preferred translation (5 parts): [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
• Rousseau, selection from On the Social Contract (1762)
+ Rainer Maria Rilke, "Archaic Torso of Apollo" (1908)
+ Robert Pippin, "On Critical Theory" (2004)
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) chart of terms
Week G. radical bourgeois philosophy II. Adam Smith: On the Wealth of Nations| Sep. 12, 2020
• Adam Smith, selections from The Wealth of Nations
Volume I [PDF]
Introduction and Plan of the Work
Book I: Of the Causes of Improvement…
I.1. Of the Division of Labor
I.2. Of the Principle which gives Occasion to the Division of Labour
I.3. That the Division of Labour is Limited by the Extent of the Market
I.4. Of the Origin and Use of Money
I.5 Of the Real and Nominal Price of Commodities
I.6. Of the Component Parts of the Price of Commodities
I.7. Of the Natural and Market Price of Commodities
I.8. Of the Wages of Labour
I.9. Of the Profits of Stock
Book III: Of the different Progress of Opulence in different Nations
III.1. Of the Natural Progress of Opulence
III.2. Of the Discouragement of Agriculture in the Ancient State of Europe after the Fall of the Roman Empire
III.3. Of the Rise and Progress of Cities and Towns, after the Fall of the Roman Empire
III.4. How the Commerce of the Towns Contributed to the Improvement of the Country
Week H. radical bourgeois philosophy II. Adam Smith: On the Wealth of Nations| Sep. 20, 2020
• Adam Smith, selections from The Wealth of Nations
Volume II [PDF]
IV.7, Of Colonies
V.1. Of the Expenses of the Sovereign or Commonwealth
Week I. radical bourgeois philosophy IV. What is the Third Estate? | Sep. 27, 2020
• Abbé Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès, What is the Third Estate? (1789)
+ Bernard Mandeville, The Fable of the Bees (1732)
Week J. radical bourgeois philosophy V. Kant and Constant: Bourgeois Society | Oct. 3, 2020
• Immanuel Kant, "Idea for a Universal History from a Cosmopolitan Point of View" (1784)
• Kant, "What is Enlightenment?" (1784)
• Benjamin Constant, "The Liberty of the Ancients Compared with That of the Moderns" (1819)
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) chart of terms
Week K. radical bourgeois philosophy VI. Hegel: Freedom in History | Oct. 11, 2020
• G.W.F. Hegel, Introduction to the Philosophy of History (1831) [HTML] [PDF pp. 14-128] [Audiobook]
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) chart of terms
Ten weeks on Marx's Marxism...
Week 1. What is the Left? I. Capital in History | Oct. 18, 2020
• Max Horkheimer, "The Little Man and the Philosophy of Freedom" (1926–31)
• four epigraphs on modern history and freedom by James Miller (on Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2000), Louis Menand (on Marx and Engels, 2003), Karl Marx (on "becoming", from the Grundrisse, 1857–58), and Peter Preuss (on Nietzsche, 1980)
• Chris Cutrone, "Capital in History" (2008)
• Cutrone, "The Marxist Hypothesis" (2010)
• Cutrone, “Class Consciousness (from a Marxist Perspective) Today”
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) chart of terms
+ Capital in history timeline and chart of terms
+ Capitalist contradiction chart of terms
+ Rainer Maria Rilke, "Archaic Torso of Apollo" (1908)
+ Robert Pippin, "On Critical Theory" (2004)
+ G.M. Tamas, "Telling the Truth about Class" [HTML] (2007)
Week 2. What is the Left? II. Utopia and Critique | Oct. 25, 2020
• Leszek Kolakowski, “The Concept of the Left” (1968)
• Marx, To Make the World Philosophical (from Marx's dissertation, 1839–41), pp. 9–11
• Marx, For the Ruthless Criticism of Everything Existing (letter to Arnold Ruge, September 1843), pp. 12–15
• Max Horkheimer, selections from Dämmerung (1926–31)
• Adorno, “Imaginative Excesses” (1944–47)
• Herbert Marcuse, "Note on Dialectics" (1960)
+ Capitalist contradiction chart of terms
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) / immanent dialectical critique chart of terms
Week 3. What is Marxism? I. What is Socialism?| Nov. 1, 2020
• Marx, selections from Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts (1844), pp. 70–101
• Marx, selection from The Poverty of Philosophy (1847)
• Marx and Friedrich Engels, selections from the Manifesto of the Communist Party (1848), pp. 469-500
+ Commodity form chart of terms
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) / immanent dialectical critique chart of terms
+ Capitalist contradiction chart of terms
Week 4. What is Marxism? II. Revolution in 1848 | Nov. 8, 2020
• Marx, Address to the Central Committee of the Communist League (1850), pp. 501–511
• Marx, "My Unique Contributions" (letter to J. Weydemeyer, 1852), pp. 218-220
• Engels, The tactics of social democracy (Engels's 1895 introduction to Marx, The Class Struggles in France), pp. 556–573
• Marx, selections from The Class Struggles in France 1848–50 (1850), pp. 586–593
• Marx, selections from The 18th Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (1852), pp. 594–617
Week 5. What is Marxism? III. Bonapartism | Nov. 15, 2020
+ Karl Korsch, "The Marxism of the First International" (1924)
• Marx, Inaugural address to the First International (1864), pp. 512–519
• Marx, selections from The Civil War in France (1871, including Engels's 1891 Introduction), pp. 618–652
+ Korsch, Introduction to Marx, Critique of the Gotha Programme (1922)
• Marx, Critique of the Gotha Programme, pp. 525–541
• Marx, Programme of the Parti Ouvrier (1880)
Week 6. What is Marxism? IV. Critique of Political Economy | Nov. 22, 2020
The fetish character of the commodity is not a fact of consciousness; rather it is dialectical, in the eminent sense that it produces consciousness. . . . [P]erfection of the commodity character in a Hegelian self-consciousness inaugurates the explosion of its phantasmagoria.
-- Theodor W. Adorno, letter to Walter Benjamin, August 2, 1935
• Marx, selections from the Grundrisse (1857–61), pp. 222–226, 236–244, 247–250, 276–293 --- sections A, C, D, and H (w/their numbered subsections) and sections F and G
• Marx, Capital Vol. I, Ch. 1 Sec. 4 "The fetishism of commodities" (1867), pp. 319–329
+ Commodity form chart of terms
+ Capitalist contradiction chart of terms
+ Organic composition of capital chart of terms
+ Marx on surplus value chart of terms
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) / immanent dialectical critique chart of terms
Week 7. What is Marxism? V. Reification | Dec. 6, 2020
• Georg Lukács, “The phenomenon of reification” (Part I of “Reification and the Consciousness of the Proletariat,” History and Class Consciousness, 1923)
+ Commodity form chart of terms
+ Organic composition of capital chart of terms
+ Capitalist contradiction chart of terms
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) / immanent dialectical critique chart of terms
Week 8. What is Marxism? VI. Class Consciousness | Dec. 13, 2020
• Lukács, Original Preface (1922)
• Lukács, “What is Orthodox Marxism?” (1919)
• Lukács, “Class Consciousness” (1920)
Note: all are chapters from Lukacs' History and Class Consciousness (1923)
+ Marx, Preface to the First German Edition and Afterword to the Second German Edition (1873) of Capital (1867), pp. 294–298, 299–302
+ Capitalist contradiction chart of terms
+ Reification chart of terms
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) / immanent dialectical critique chart of terms
Week 10. What is Marxism? VII. Ends of Philosophy | Dec. 20, 2020
• Korsch, Marxism and Philosophy (1923)
+ Marx, "To make the world philosophical" (from Marx's dissertation, 1839–41), pp. 9–11
+ Marx, "For the ruthless criticism of everything existing" (letter to Arnold Ruge, September 1843), pp. 12–15
+ Marx, "Theses on Feuerbach" (1845), pp. 143–145
+ Capitalist contradiction chart of terms
+ Being and becoming (freedom in transformation) / immanent dialectical critique chart of terms
Winter break recommended readings
+ James Joll, The Second International 1889–1914 (1966)
+ Sebastian Haffner, Failure of a Revolution: Germany 1918–19 (1968)
+ Georg Lukacs, Lenin: A Study in the Unity of His Thought (1924)
+ Edmund Wilson, To the Finland Station: A Study in the Writing and Acting of History (1940)
+ Richard Appignanesi and Oscar Zarate / A&Z, Introducing Lenin and the Russian Revolution / Lenin for Beginners (1977)
+ Tariq Ali and Phil Evans, Introducing Trotsky and Marxism / Trotsky for Beginners (1980)
+ J.P. Nettl, Rosa Luxemburg: A Biography (1962)
Spring 2021 Marxist reading syllabus
II. Introduction to Revolutionary Marxism
Weeks 11 through 28 of the syllabus on What is Revolutionary Marxism?
